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-
- ************************************************************************
- DDN MGT Bulletin 116 DISA DDN Defense Communications System
- 10 February 1993 Published by: DDN Network Info Center
- (NIC@NIC.DDN.MIL) (800) 365-3642
-
-
- DEFENSE DATA NETWORK
- MANAGEMENT BULLETIN
-
- The DDN MANAGEMENT BULLETIN is distributed online by the DDN Network
- Information Center under DISA contract as a means of communicating
- official policy, procedures and other information of concern to
- management personnel at DDN facilities. Back issues may be read
- through the TACNEWS server ("@n" command at the TAC) or may be
- obtained by FTP (or Kermit) from the NIC.DDN.MIL host [192.112.36.5]
- using login="anonymous" and password="guest". The pathname
- for bulletins is ddn-news/ddn-mgt-bulletin-nn.txt (where "nn" is the
- bulletin number).
- ************************************************************************
-
- New Core Routing Servers
- and Need for Migration from EGP to BGP
-
- 1. This message addresses the deployment of new core routing servers
- (BBN T/20s) and the need for MILNET subscriber gateways to transition
- from using the External Gateway Protocol (EGP) to using the new Border
- Gateway Protocol (BGP) to gather routing information. DISA strongly
- recommends BGP capability be in place by July, 1993. The following
- topics will be addressed:
-
- - Reasons for the need to switch from EGP to BGP
-
- - Operational differences between EGP and BGP
-
- - Required revision levels for software in subscriber gateways
-
- - Configuration changes required in subscriber gateways
-
- - Impact on gateways if they do not move from EGP to BGP
-
- - Contact person for further assistance.
-
- 2. Currently, approximately 420 MILNET gateways exchange EGP
- information with the Mailbridges. Based on this and historical
- data on the number of MILNET gateways, and assuming that the growth
- rate does not change abruptly, it is currently projected that the
- number of MILNET gateways will reach 510 by September 1993.
-
- EGP propagates reachability information for a maximum of 510 gateways.
- This maximum is the sum of 255 interior neighbors plus 255 exterior
- neighbors from the two 8-bit fields in the EGP update message. EGP
- will not translate any reachability information for gateways beyond
- 510, and information on networks reachable through the 511th gateway
- and above will be lost. BGP, on the other hand, is not subject to
- this limit of 510 gateways.
-
- The Butterfly Mailbridges do not support BGP. Efforts are underway
- to replace the Mailbridges with the T/20, which DOES support both
- EGP and BGP, as core route servers. The replacement will be
- completed by June of 1993. The T/20 is capable of supporting both
- BGP2 and BGP3, and it will also do version negotiation. The
- details of the T/20 deployment as route servers will be given in
- a separate Management Bulletin.
-
- In anticipation of reaching the 510-gateway limit, it is crucial
- that MILNET subscriber gateways have BGP functionality before
- September of 1993. This may require software upgrades for some
- gateways. DISA will establish a user testing capability no later
- than 1 Apr 93. As soon as possible, DISA will provide a telephone
- contact for user testing.
-
- 3. BGP performs essentially the same function as EGP, i.e., it enables
- the exchange of routing information between gateways in different
- autonomous systems. A significant operational difference between
- BGP and EGP is that EGP updates contain the entire routing table
- information of the sending gateway, while BGP updates contain only
- the CHANGES in the sending gateway's routing table information.
- Once BGP has been fully deployed, the result will be a substantial
- decrease in the amount of overhead traffic carrying routing table
- information on the MILNET.
-
- 4. BGP currently exists in two versions (versions 2 and 3); T/20 is
- compatible with both. There is very little difference between
- BGP 2 and BGP 3, especially in the implmentations in the CISCOs
- and T/20 routers. BGP 4, however, is quite different from the
- previous versions and is NOT yet supported in the T/20s. If the
- vendor supports only BGP 4 and does not negotiate versions, the
- T/20 router servers will not work.
-
- Existing implementations of the various versions of BGP in CISCO
- and other vendor systems are available for the following versions of
- software:
-
- BGP 1 BGP 2 BGP 3 BGP 4
- ----- ----- ----- -----
-
- CISCO ----- 8.3 9.0.2* ??
-
- GateD Gated 2.1 GateD 3.0Alpha GateD 3.0Alpha Summer, 1993
-
- Proteon ----- ----- ---** April, 1993
-
- 3-Com ----- ----- Summer, 1993
-
- * BGP 3 is available in release 9.0. Depending on your configuration
- requirments, 9.0.2 may be a more bug-free version.
-
- ** Per Proteon, their implementation of BGP4 will be backward compatible
- with, and will support version negotiation with, BGP 3.
-
-
- If your gateway is not a CISCO or a GateD system, check with
- your gateway vendor to determine which software version will
- support BGP. You should also determine if your hardware platform
- will be able to support the software release.
-
- NOTE:
- There is an operational problem with the use of BGP. The BGP 2
- and 3 specifications have a feature that is not required for
- implementation specifying net 0.0.0.0 as the dynamic default route.
- MILNET core router service depends on the BGP implementation in
- both BBN T/20 routers and CISCO routers. The dynamic default route
- is not supported by any CISCO software releases supporting BGP,
- including the current release (9.0.3). In fact, if a 0.0.0.0
- address is provided to a CISCO router in a BGP update, the BGP
- session on the router will fail. CISCO intends to correct this
- problem and implement the dynamic default route in release 9.0.4.1.
- This correction is also scheduled for release 9.1.3. DISA does
- not have release dates for these CISCO software versions.
- However, DISA believes these software releases will be available
- before the MILNET gateway count exceeds 510. In order to best
- manage this situation, DISA intends to deploy the T/20s and continue
- use of EGP as long as necessary.
-
- 5. Once the conversion to BGP begins, configuration changes in the
- subscriber gateways will be confined to activating a BGP rather than
- an EGP process and to selecting new primary and secondary Internet
- Route Servers (now T/20s rather than Mailbridges) at different IP
- addresses than are currently used by the Mailbridges. Details
- concerning the new server addresses and the gateways that have been
- assigned to these new servers will be contained in forthcoming DDN
- management bulletins.
-
- 6. If gateways do not switch from BGP to EGP, they can continue to do
- EGP with the T/20s and to receive routing table information
- from the T/20s in the same fashion as they currently do from the
- Mailbridges. However, if the number of gateways on the MILNET
- exceeds 510, EGP updates received by the non-BGP subscribers will be
- incomplete because gateways above the 510 count will simply be dropped
- from the update. This will result in gaps in the subscriber gateway's
- routing table, thus causing greater use of default routers and an
- overall decrease in network efficiency.
-
- 7. If you have any questions concerning BGP, please contact Maj Tatchio --
- DSN: 222-2757
- Com'l: (703) 692-2757,
- email: milnetmgr@ddn-conus.ddn.mil
-
-
-